: The difference in potential between a person’s hand (touching a grounded object) and their feet (standing on the ground).
(Essential for the industry; deducting points only for the steep learning curve required to apply the formulas effectively). ieee standard 80-2013 pdf
The official, peer-reviewed platform hosted by the IEEE to purchase and download individual standards or access them via organizational subscriptions. : The difference in potential between a person’s
Procedures for measuring soil resistivity and modeling multi-layer soil structures. known as Ground Potential Rise (GPR).
When a short circuit or fault occurs within an electrical substation, high currents flow through the earth via the grounding system. This creates a rise in electrical potential on the surface of the ground, known as Ground Potential Rise (GPR).