Challenges Of Nation Building Class 12 Notes Hot

Roughly 80 lakh (8 million) people were forced to cross the newly drawn borders, often abandoning their ancestral homes overnight.

CHALLENGES OF NATION BUILDING │ ├─ 1. SHAPING A NATION (Integration) │ ├─ 565 Princely States │ ├─ Instrument of Accession │ └─ Cases: Junagadh (Plebiscite), Hyderabad (Operation Polo), Kashmir (Art.370) │ ├─ 2. LINGUISTIC STATES │ ├─ Potti Sriramulu's martyrdom (1952) │ ├─ SRC 1953 → Fazl Ali │ └─ States Reorganisation Act 1956 (14 States, 6 UTs) │ └─ 3. PHILOSOPHICAL VISION ├─ Democracy over authoritarianism ├─ Secularism over theocracy └─ Planned development (mixed economy) challenges of nation building class 12 notes hot

3. The Challenge of Development: Welfare and Poverty Alleviation Roughly 80 lakh (8 million) people were forced

The Maharaja appealed to India for help. India agreed on the condition that he sign the Instrument of Accession. He signed, the Indian military repelled the invaders, and the state became a part of India with special provisions (initially under Article 370). Linguistic Reorganization of States India agreed on the condition that he sign

This statement perfectly captures Patel's strategic approach: