The medieval period saw a decline in geographical thought, with the focus shifting from scientific inquiry to religious and theological studies. However, Arab scholars like Al-Idrisi and Ibn Battuta made notable contributions to the field, including the development of maps and the documentation of trade routes.
Geography did not emerge overnight as a structured science; it evolved through centuries of observation, exploration, and philosophical debate. Majid Husain begins his exploration by anchoring the discipline in the classical eras of antiquity. Evolution Of Geographical Thought By Majid Husain Pdf