Many countries, including New Zealand, the United Kingdom, and members of the European Union, have formally recognized animal sentience in their laws. In the United States, individual states have passed landmark legislation, such as California's Proposition 12, which mandates minimum space requirements for farm animals.

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Legally, animals are still (or chattel ) in almost every jurisdiction. You cannot "murder" a dog; you can only "kill" it. The owner has the right to use it, sell it, or (within cruelty limits) destroy it.