If you absolutely do not play any games or use any 3D graphics software, you could uninstall it, as it is not required for the operating system to function or boot up. However, there is no performance benefit to doing so; it takes up very little hard drive space and does not run in the background. Furthermore, reinstalling Vulkan is not a simple task and would likely require a full reinstallation of your graphics drivers. For the vast majority of users, the best recommendation is to simply leave it alone.
If the file contains a valid digital signature from the Khronos Group or your GPU manufacturer, it is perfectly safe. Can You Uninstall It? vulkan run time libraries 1.0.39.1
If you play modern PC games or use 3D software, yes. Without it, Vulkan-based games won’t launch or will fall back to slower graphics APIs. The libraries take very little space (tens of MB) and run only when called by an app. If you absolutely do not play any games
Vulkan serves a similar purpose to Microsoft's DirectX and Apple's Metal. It bridges the gap between your computer games (or 3D software) and your graphics hardware. For the vast majority of users, the best